A GIS based drastic model for the assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution in Goghat - I and II, Hooghli, West Bengal

Abstract

Although it is challenging to contaminate groundwater, it is also challenging to clean up after contamination. Utilizing several aquifer vulnerability assessment techniques is essential to achieving this objective. All of these tactics rely on statistical or overlay index approaches as well as process model frameworks. Due to dwindling groundwater levels and increasing contamination, which pose a serious threat to the environment and water sources, groundwater vulnerability is a hot issue of discussion. Extensive research has been done using all the methodologies based on various characteristics and indices in order to detect the risk and estimate the vulnerability. One of the most significant and reliable overlay and index methods for determining groundwater vulnerability is the DRASTIC method. In Goghat I and II, Hooghly District, West Bengal, this research project examines the DRASTIC Model's applicability. In particular in agricultural, arid, semi-arid, and basaltic zones, this study found that integrating GIS with DRASTIC is the most efficient and accurate technique to determine groundwater vulnerability. The Goghat -II block has a significant groundwater vulnerability, according to the research, which suggests that the situation there is urgent. Due to excessive use for irrigation, the depth of groundwater has already significantly decreased. This study thus creates a new avenue for investigation into groundwater law and how organised regulation can optimise the use of this resource. The study suggests that this can be an effective tool for local authorities responsible for managing groundwater resources. Keywords: Groundwater Pollution, ArcGIS Software, Drastic Model, Groundwater Vulnerability Zones, Raster Calculator, Weighted Sum Analysis