Characterization of antibiotic and heavy metal resistant bacteria at delhi-agra stretch of river yamuna

Abstract

Yamuna (Jumna) is the confluent holy river of the Ganges but at present it is polluted and induces death because of various anthropogenic activities like dumping of garbage and untreated sewage, industrial effluents discharge etc. For this disposal at Yamuna River site, which carries various pollutants such as pathogenic/non-pathogenic microorganism, antibiotics and heavy metals, making water unfit for use and cause of variety diseases and illness of the consumers. The aim of this study is to understanding the bacterial diversity by isolating and identifying the heavy metal and antibiotic resistant bacteria from water sediment samples collected from Palla and Agrasite of river Yamuna. Primary screening was done by checking the resistance ability from the Mercury (HgCl2) and then Cadmium (CdCl2), Lead (Pb(CH3COO)2) and Chromium (K2CrO4) resistance was screened. After this resistant colonies were isolated to assess the multiple antibiotic resistances. Antibiotic resistant bacteria were characterized using antibiotic susceptibility test using variety of antibiotics, as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. High percentage of heavy metal resistance and high zone of inhibition against tested antibiotics indicates, that Yamuna River have heavy metal and antibiotic resistive bacteria, that can cause ofharmful and endangerof human health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to take stringent measures to facilitate these pollution loads and save an unwell river.