In-vitro evaluation and characterization of avicennia marina whole leaf extract along with the in-silico approach for identification of effective inhibitors for her2 positive breast cancer from a. Marina leaf phytochemicals

Abstract

Cancer being one of the deadliest diseases in the world has always been an important topic for medical researches. Still there’s no hundred percent safe anti-cancer therapy, for treatment of cancer. Chemotherapy, the most popular anti-cancer therapy always has toxic and adverse side effects. Therefore natural product based anti-cancer treatment which is a much safer way of cancer treatment has been started to get explored. Many plant extracts have shown significant level of anti-cancer potency without any side effects. Avicennia marina being an ancient and major mangrove plant has been used in treating different diseases for a long time. Several studies have shown that extract of this plant has anticancer effect against many forms of cancer manifested in human body like lung cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer etc. [1] [2] Breast cancer is one of the very common types of cancer in human females. There is less sufficient data about the anti-cancer potential of A. marina plant extract against breast cancer. So, the present study was done based on Avicennia marina whole leaf extract to evaluate the anticancer properties of it against breast cancer (in vitro characterization of leaf and in silico leaf phytochemical analysis along with their docking with HER2+ breast cancer specific protein HER2). The present study was conducted by phytochemical screening, estimation of total phenol and flavonoid content, antibacterial assay, antioxidant or free radical scavenging assay (RSA) using DPPH, anti-inflammatory assay using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA ), cytotoxic study (MTT assay) against normal fibroblast cell line (L929) and hemocompatibility test. The total phenol and flavonoid content revealed the phytochemical potency of the whole leaf extract of A. marina. The RSA% of A. marina leaf extract against free radical (DPPH) was compared with standard Ascorbic acid. MTT assay result showed that A. marina leaf extract promoted the growth of non-tumor, healthy cells (L929). The anticancer property of A. marina whole leaf extract may be due to apoptosis of the cancerous cells, initiated by its phytochemical content (i.e. phenols, flavonoids) and its antioxidant properties. Therefore in silico study was done based on A. marina leaf specific phytochemicals; their ADMET properties were screened and then selected ligands were docked against a breast cancer protein, HER2. HER2 has been chosen as the receptor because very few studies have been conducted on this particular breast cancer protein following the in silico approach to find out potential anti-cancer drug candidates.