Hydrological study for minor irrigation scheme

Abstract

Tripura faces significant surface water deficiency for irrigation, impacting agricultural productivity and sustainability. The state's predominantly hilly terrain and erratic rainfall patterns contribute to challenges in capturing and utilizing surface water effectively. This deficiency hampers crop growth, especially during critical non-monsoon periods, and limits the agricultural potential of the region. Addressing this issue requires innovative solutions such as constructing rainwater storage reservoirs, enhancing water management practices and optimizing the use of available water resources. Constructing rainwater storage reservoirs for minor irrigation schemes in Manikunj Cherra, Tripura, addressing both water management and agricultural challenges. The flow in these river varies with season with maximum flow during monsoon. By capturing monsoon rainwater, the reservoirs reduce farmers dependence on erratic monsoon rains, reduce periods of low rainfall or drought thus stabilizing agricultural production and enabling the cultivation of diverse and high-value crops. In the present study we have analyze historical flow data, identify seasonal variations data available from discharge data station to calculate the retum period of a hydrological event using Gumbel's method. To determine the capacity of a storage reservoir based on its contour area and contour interval data by GIS by using two types of methods. The runoff coefficient represents the fraction of rainfall that becomes surface runoff to find out design discharge from rainfall data station.Proper selection of design flood value is of great importance also to estimate how much sediment settles and deposits in the reservoir. Estimating evapotranspiration of reservoir by using Penman's equation to determine how much quantity of water decrease from reservoir throughout the year. A making of rainwater storage reservoir provides a reliable supply of irrigation water throughout the cropping seasons, especially during non-monsoon periods, to ensure consistent crop growth and productivity.